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Netpune is  the last planet of the Solar System in order of distance from the Sun. It takes Neptune almost 165 years to travel along an orbit around our star, and a little more than 16 hours to complete one full turn around itself. The picture on the right – taken by the Voyager 2 probe in 1989 – shows the presence of the Big Dark Spot, a system of storms with an average diametre of 14.000 km, which represents one of the largest atmospheric structures of the Solar System, afterLEGGI TUTTO

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Saturn is the sixth planet of the Solar System in order of distance from the Sun and can be easily recognized by the series of rings surrounding it, mainly composed of principalmente da ice and dust. Saturn is classified as a gaseous planet, i.e. mainly composed of gas. Just like Jupiter,  its atmosphere is lashed by continuous winds, which can even reach 1800 km/h. In its North Pole there is a particular nebula called Saturn’s Exagon, which rotates around the central vortex of the North Pole. A unique feature in the whole Solar System!LEGGI TUTTO

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Jupiter is the fifth planet of the Solar System  in order of distance from the Sun, and the largest of the whole Solar System: its mass is twice and a half the sum of the masses of all the other planets together! Jupiter is classified as a gaseous planet, namely mainly composed of gas. Its huge atmosphere is characterized by several bands, inside which we can observe the presence of numerous storms. Among them, the Big Red Spot stands out, an anticyclonic storms which has been going on for at least 300 years! HereLEGGI TUTTO

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On February 18, 2021, shortly before 10 pm Italian time, Perseverance – the rover of the Nasa Mars 2020 mission – landed successfully on the surface of Mars. While humankind waited, breathless, imagining the ground of the red Planet quickly approaching the rover, something looked upwards, towards the sky covered by the large parachute. At first, nobody noticed, engrossed by the sand lifting up all around the rover, the stones, the pictures which Perseverance immediately gave us. However, within a few hours, someone went to review the images, and looking at the openLEGGI TUTTO

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On November 16, 1974, from the radiotelescope of Arecibo, a peculiar radio message was sent out into space, towards the Hercules Globular Cluster, 25 thousand year-lights away from the Earth. The message was composed of 1679 binary digits (zero and one), one after the other. Why 1679? This number is the product of two prime numbers: 23 and 73. In this way, supposing that anyone receving it decides to order it in a quadrilateral, he/she will only be able to do this by ordering it in 23 lines and 73 columns, or 73 lines and 23LEGGI TUTTO

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On  April 10, 2019, the researchers of the Event Horizon Telescope revealed to humankind the first image ever obtained of a  supermassive black hole, a black hole much more massive of normal stellar black holes. The image uncovers the black hole at the centre of a huge galaxy in the nearby  Virgo cluster, Messier 87. This black hole is 55 millions light-years away from us, and a mass of 6.5 and a half billions times the one of the Sun. Black holes are extremely compact objects, in which an incredible quantityLEGGI TUTTO

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The meaning of the laws of Kepler is well described in their statements, which you can find in any textbook: First Law, or law of the elliptical orbits: The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci. Second Law, or law of the areas: A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time. Third Laws, or laws of the periods: The square of a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of the length of the semi-major axis of its orbit. It thatLEGGI TUTTO

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Venus is the second planet of the Solar System in order of distance from the Sun, which takes its name from the Roman goddess of love and beauty. It is also defined as the Earth’s “twin planet” because it has a mass and a a dimension which is very similar to our planet. However, its atmosphere is very different, since it is mainly constituted by carbon dioxide and is much thicker than our own. Because of these features, the ground pressure is about 90 times the Earth’s own pressure. Moreover, there isLEGGI TUTTO

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Mercury is the Latin name of the Greek god Ermes, the messaenger of the goods, well-known, among other things, for his speed. That is why motivo the ancient Romans gave its name to the planet which moves more quickly than any other in the sky.  The planet Mercury goes along its orbit around the Sun in just 88 days, and it is the swiftest of the Solar System. This is due to its position, very near to our star: indeed, it is the first planet in order of distance from the Sun.LEGGI TUTTO

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The Earth is the only planet of the Solar System which hosta life.  What does it make such a special planet? There are several features which make our planet suitable to life, but there are two main ones. First of all, it lies in the so-called habitable zone, the region around a star (indicated in green in the imagine aside) where it is theoretically possible for a planet to maintain clear water on its surface. The planets beyond the habitable zone have too low a temperature, therefore water – it present – isLEGGI TUTTO

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Mars is the fourth planet of the Solar System in order of distance from the Sun, and the last of the earthly planets, after Mercury, Venus and the Earth. It was also called the red Planet because of its characteristic colour, caused by the huge quantity of  oiron oxide which covers it. Upon its surface, we can see mountains, valleys, canyons, deserts and volcanoes. Its atmosphere is rarefied, its pressure is very low (1/10 of the terrestrial one). The temperature goes from -140 °C to 20 °C: it is not so bad! On the poles,LEGGI TUTTO

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With this simple code realized with Scratch, you will be able to view (and hear) a message in binary code, as the one sent from Arecibo on 16 November 1974 and described in this activity. Let us see how to realize it, step by step. First of all, from the interface of Scratch, draw a new sprite (better square and small): this will be your bit. Give it the colour you prefer: the main thing is that it may be seen against the background that you will choose. In our project (which we invite you toLEGGI TUTTO